Search results for "prise alimentaire"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
Lack of Hypothalamus Polysialylation Inducibility Correlates With Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Predisposition to Obesity
2018
This original research article (6 p.) is part of the research topic . Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neuroenergetics, Nutrition and Brain Health, a section of the journal Frontiers in Nutrition.; International audience; High variability exists in individual susceptibility to develop overweight in an obesogenic environment and the biological underpinnings of this heterogeneity are poorly understood. In this brief report, we show in mice that the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity is associated with low level of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a factor of neural plasticity, in the hypothalamus. As we previously shown that reduction of hypothalami…
Le goût : physiologie, rôles et dysfonctionnements
2013
Article de vulgarisation; National audience; The sense of taste involves multimodal sensory activation to detect and identify many flavors. Today, five primary tastes have been identified (sweet, salt, sour, bitter and umami). These are often combined to form complex tastes. The physiology of gustatory pathways is complex. The activation of gustatory receptors located in the mouth leads to an ascendant pathway through the neurons of the solitary nucleus in the brainstem and the neurons located in the thalamus. After the thalamus, the gustative signal modulates the ipsilateral primary taste cortex and then the secondary taste area. The secondary taste cortex, which combines representations o…
Chicken adaptive response to low energy diet: main role of the hypothalamic lipid metabolism revealed by a phenotypic and multi-tissue transcriptomic…
2019
AbstractBackgroundProduction conditions of layer chicken can vary in terms of temperature or diet energy content compared to the controlled environment where pure-bred selection is undertaken. The aim of this study was to better understand the long-term effects of a 15%-energy depleted diet on egg-production, energy homeostasis and metabolism via a multi-tissue transcriptomic analysis. Study was designed to compare effects of the nutritional intervention in two layer chicken lines divergently selected for residual feed intake.ResultsChicken adapted to the diet in terms of production by significantly increasing their feed intake and decreasing their body weight and body fat composition, whil…
Role of polysialic acid (PSA) in the control of food intake and body weight
2013
Hypothalamus plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis by the presence of neural circuits controlling food intake. These circuits are plastic and can be rewired during adulthood. We hypothesized that synaptic plasticity can occur during physiological conditions. We have shown that synaptic contact on hypothalamic anorexigen POMC neurons are rewired in mouse upon high fat diet (HFD). This synaptic process is mandatory to adjust energy intake and requires the glycan PSA (polysialic acid). PSA promotes synaptic plasticity in the brain by the weakening of cell-to-cell interaction by addition on NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule). We hypothesized that a defect in brain synapti…
Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) Channels Are Required for Hypothalamic Glucose Detection and Energy Homeostasis
2017
Fil: Chrétien, Chloé. University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation; France Fil: Fenech, Claire. University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation; France Fil: Liénard, Fabienne. University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation; France Fil: Grall, Sylvie. University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation; France Fil: Chevalier, Charlène. University of …
Exploration of neuronal and glial plasticity in the melanocortin system at the meal in a mouse model.
2017
In 2015, Nature published the largest pangenomic association study to date linking genetic variants to body mass index. This study highlighted the role of the central nervous system in vulnerability to obesity and supports an original concept that cerebral plasticity plays an important role in the control of energy balance. Thus, reduced cerebral plasticity capacities could lead to inadequate dietary behaviors, which would increase the risk of weight gain under caloric pressure. The anorectic neurons POMC and the orexigenic neurons AgRP of the melanocortin system, which control the energy balance, actually show synaptic plasticity properties in the adult brain. These phenomena are shown in …
Role of polysialic acid (PSA) in the control of food intake and body weight
2013
Hypothalamus plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis by the presence of neural circuits controlling food intake. These circuits are plastic and can be rewired during adulthood. We hypothesized that synaptic plasticity can occur during physiological conditions. We have shown that synaptic contact on hypothalamic anorexigen POMC neurons are rewired in mouse upon high fat diet (HFD). This synaptic process is mandatory to adjust energy intake and requires the glycan PSA (polysialic acid). PSA promotes synaptic plasticity in the brain by the weakening of cell-to-cell interaction by addition on NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule). We hypothesized that a defect in brain synapti…
Etude du contrôle hédonique de la prise alimentaire par l'analyse des potentiels évoqués gustatifs
2016
Hedonic control of food intake has been studied using neurophysiological investigations in animals and functional imaging in humans. Gustatory evoked potentials (GEPs), a higher time resolution technique than functional imaging, have never been used for this purpose. The first aim of this thesis was to establish a reliable recording of GEPs in humans, in response to a sapid stimulus. The second aim was to determine the GEPs modifications according to the hedonic value of food intake. GEPs recording was performed in response to an intermittent stimulation of a sapid solution in more than 100 young healthy subjects. The comparisons between cerebral recordings in response to water or paraffin …
Les enfants s'arrêtent-ils de manger lorsqu'ils n'ont plus faim ? Lien entre la régulation de la prise alimentaire, l'âge, le genre et la corpulence
2011
Le développement des préférences chez l'enfant humain
2013
Collaboration européenne.; National audience